NO SQL

NO SQL

 

A NoSQL or Not Only SQL database provides a mechanism for storage and retrieval of data that is modeled in means other than the tabular relations used in relational databases.

 

What No SQL Is?

•      NoSQL is a generic term used to refer to any data store that does not follow the traditional RDBMS model

•      Non Relational Database Management system

•      It is used to refer to the databases that attempt to solve the problems of scalability and availability against that of atomicity or consistency.

•       NoSQL databases are those databases that are non-relational, open source, distributed in nature as well as it is having high performance in a linear way that is horizontally scalable.

Why No SQL?

•      Scale (horizontal)

•      Simpler data model (less joins)

•      Streaming/Volume

•      Redundancy/Reliability

•      Schema less (no modelling or prototyping)

•      Rapid Development/coder friendly

•      Flexibility / semi-structured / unstructured / Sructured

•      Cheaper than relational / commodity

•      Creating a caching Layer

•      Wide data type variety

•      Large binary objects

•      Environment data / logs

•      Analytics

•      Bulk upload

•      Graphs/relationships

•      Lower administration / less DBAs

•      Distributed storage

•      Real time analysis

Characteristics of NOSQL

•      NoSQL does not use the relational data model thus does not use SQL language.

•      NoSQL stores large volume of data.

•      In distributed environment (spread data to different machines), we use NoSQL without any inconsistency.

•      If any faults or failures exist in any machine, then in this there will be no discontinuation of any work.

•      NoSQL is open source database, i.e. its source code is available to everyone and is free to use it without any overheads.

•      NoSQL allows data to store in any record that is it is not having any fixed schema.

•      NoSQL does not use concept of ACID properties.

•      NoSQL is horizontally scalable leading to high performance in a linear way.

•      It is having more flexible structure.

Features Of NoSQL

•      BASE Property (Coined by Eric Brewer)

–     Basically Available

–     Soft State

–     Eventual Consistency

•      CAP Theorem

–     Consistency, Availability & Partition Tolerance Simultaneously

CAP Theorem

Types Of No SQL Databases

•      Key value Data store

•      Document Data store

•      Column store

•      Graph store

Key Value Store Databases

•      Mother of NoSQL data stores

•      Combination of 2 things – Key & Store

•      Similar to Hash tables

•      Some No SQL Databases with Key value store

•      DynamoDB

•      Redis

•      Aerospike

•      LevelDB

•      Oracle NOSQL Database

•      BangDB

•      Dynomite

•      LightCloud …

Document Store Databases

•      Uses records as documents

•      Stores  unstructured or semi structured data which is hierarchal in nature

•      Each record in document store points to its field using pointers as it uses technique of hashing

•      Some of the Document Store No SQL Databases are

•      Mongo DB

•      Couch DB

•      Rethink DB

•      Raven DB

•      Cluster point Server

•      Terrastore

•      Jas DB

•      NoSQL embedded db

Column Store Databases

•      Column oriented

•      The column-oriented databases store data as columns as opposed to rows that is prominent in RDBMS.

Graph Databases

•      Graph databases are based on the graph theory. In general, we see that graph usually consists of \nodes, properties and edges. NoSQL Graph database consists of:

–     Nodes represent entities

–     Properties represent attributes

–     Edges represent relationships

Structure of Graph Database

Example of Structure of Graph Database

  List Of Graph Databases

•      Neo4J

•      Infinite Graph

•      TITAN

•      Info Grid

•      Hyper Graph DB

•      Graph Base

•      Trinity

•      Allegro Graph

•      White DB

•      Flock DB – by twitter

List Of NoSQL Databases